Evaluating Rock Slope Stability Using Geomechanical Classification System: An Experimental study from the Western Ghats, India

Authors

  • Sushil Khanduri Earth CrustGeo Solutions (ECGS), Rajpur Road, Dehradun- 248001, Uttarakhand, India

Keywords:

Rock discontinuities, Failure mechanism, Rock mass classification, Geological strength index, Stereographic projection

Abstract

Rock slopes within the Deccan basaltic terrain of Sahyadri Group in the Western Ghat region of Maharashtra were evaluated using geomechanical classification systems including Basic Rock Mass Rating (RMRb), Geological Strength Index (GSI) and Kinematic analysis to provide a preliminary assessment of slope stability conditions of eight different zones. Kinematic analysis of joints data was performed to determine the potential failure (Plane, Wedge and Toppling) for one natural slope and three artificial slopes. Modified Slope Mass Rating (M-SMR) has been done exclusively for the natural slope. Geological-geotechnical mapping was carried out to determine key geomechanical parameters, including Rock Quality Designation (RQD), Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), degree of rock weathering, joint conditions, joints infilling, orientations of discontinuities (joints) of rock and slope geometry (slope dip and slope aspect) for each selected zone. Basalt rock mass is characterized by 3-4 sets of joints, slightly to moderately weathered, medium to high persistence, close spacing and no infillings. The basic RMRb values range from 73-89.75, indicating good to very good rock mass quality, while GSI values range from 46-67.46 corresponding to fair to good conditions. Kinematic analysis indicates that wedge sliding may be more prominent than other modes of failure. The results of the M-SMR have been obtained from class I (Very Low Risk/Very Good), indicating overall stable conditions. Nevertheless, despite favorable geomechanical classification, the slopes within the study area are interpreted considered to have a comparatively lower probability of structural failures governed primarily by orientations of discontinuities (joints) of rock and slope geometry.

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2026-04-30

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Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): IJESKA

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